ࡱ> ED( / 0LDArialؖ 0ؖ0ppfO 0@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` <       0AA@3ʚ;ʚ;g4kdkdhO 0|ppp@ <4dddd<v 0pe 80___PPT10                           0` 33` Sf3f` 33g` f` www3PP` ZXdbmo` \ғ3y`Ӣ` 3f3ff` 3f3FKf` hk]wwwfܹ` ff>>\`Y{ff` R>&- {p_/̴>?" dd@,|?" dd@   " @ ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>>  (    6  `}  T Click to edit Master title style! !  0  `  RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S  0 ^ `  P*   08 ^   R*   0H ^ `  R* H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.qN0= Default Design1 0  1(    <1  The three most important considerations for development of wind farms are: LAND with good to excellent wind resource CONTRACT to sell electricity produced ACCESS to transmission lines (proximity and carrying capacity)n @'9   H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.qN0=N 0 P N(     B "`??u  ,Site selection Evidence of significant wind resource Preferably privately owned remote land Proximity to transmission lines => 69 kV (up to 25 miles for good site and => 135 kV). Note possibility of future transmission lines. Reasonable road access Few environmental concerns Receptive community* - H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.qNͶL 0 D<`(    B4="`??7[ Land Term: expected life of the turbine (early 20 to 30 yr, 10 yr option; later 30 to 50 yr, multiple 10 yr options) Rights: wind rights, ingress/egress rights, transmission right of way for wind farm Owner compensation: percentage of revenue, per turbine, or combination Assignable: financing requirement Indemnification Reclamation provision Bond to remove wind turbines at end of project Wind energy easements, legal issues*  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.qN0M  0 zrp (    <O"`??[ XWind resource assessment Lease, $/acre, 1 to 5 years, or flat fee. Corollary data: wind maps (national, state, other), NWS data, Other Install meteorological tower(s), hub height or at least 50 m Collect 10 min or hour wind speed and direction data, 1-2 yr, minimum one year Quality report on meteorology Output projections for several turbine types Landowner receives data, meteorology report, and output projections if developer does not exercise option for installation of project.*  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.qNIN 0 e](    <|d"`??@ CwEnvironmental Cursory review for endangered species Biological resources Wildlife habitat Loss of vegetation Avian studies Raptors Migratory birds Review with interested parties: Audubon, federal, state, local Required studies and reports Bats Archaeological sites Noise Visual Soil erosion and water quality Solid and hazardous wastes Active compliance monitoring;& s~;& s~ x H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.qN O 0 :2(    B f"`??XA Economic modeling Output projections Turbine costs Turbine installation Roads, substations, transmission Communication and control Taxes: sales, income, property (depreciation schedule), tax abatement O&M estimates Finance assumptions: production tax credit, accelerated depreciation, equity rate of return, incentives (local, state), debt rate and term (coverage ratios), dept/equity ratio Other: insurance, legal*  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.qNP  0 ,$$(  $ $ B أ"`?  Interconnection studies Interconnection request, electric reliability council Capacity limitation Load flow analysis Voltage controls System protection*  hH $ 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.rNZ  0 ((  (v ( <"`??  |Permits Local, state, federal Public involvement at early stage Public land, private land Land use permit Building permit@ R" R" } @H ( 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.sNR  0  ,(  ,a , B"`??[ KSale of energy/power Energy/power purchase agreement Long term contract with utility Green power market Market, avoided cost Renewable energy credits Future income, emission trading Kilowatt hour: real or nominal levelized Capacity: kilowatts Term Credit worthy buyer Facility sales agreement Turn key price, complete projectV   L hH , 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.sNp  0 0(  0t 0 B̘"`??  Financing Source of equity; rate of return 15-18% Source of debt Market rates Term of debt Assignable documents Third party due diligence*    hH 0 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.sNR  0 d\4(  4 4 B"`??8  <Turbine purchase Power curve (output projection) Turbine cost Turn-key construction cost Warranties; equipment and maintenance Construction financing Past history of manufacturer Availability of turbines, date*  hH 4 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.sNR  0 8(  8J 8 B>u"`?! *Construction (turn-key) Roads Water and gravel Turbine foundations (excavation, concrete) Interconnection to utility (substations, transformers, wire) Turbine assembly and erection (cranes) Commissioning Environmental restoration Reduce road width? Grass Control of noxious weeds Assembly area`55    + @H 8 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.sNRA  0 <A(  <  < B"`??u Maintenance Fixed cost per turbine per year Availability warranties Penalties for non-performance Types of costs Labor Management Insurance, taxes Maintenance equipment; cranes, vehicles, other Parts on hand Non-recurring costs: major repairs Roads, maintenance and access for landowner*    H < 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.tN0c"r@4"#&)k, 025F9s <1Oh+'0( hp  Slide 1AEIdcarr2Microsoft Office PowerPoint@F0@EqN@аTG&g  v&WMFC-%lx EMFw@F(GDICx!b $$==% % V0xx x % % $$AA" FGDICF(GDICl.wFGDICF(GDIC6ljwFGDICF(GDICXFGDICRp@Ariall\ZdCArialH9?|EQ @Arial 0 u4i,4ChO0@<0U050|ET4inpoTxlb-0@0b4iL@0<^D`dv%    T3AA L`The three  % ( Rp@Ariall\Z@Arial 0 u?|sT@A|H]| wssT4inpoTx-0@0<0U050|ET0 <^D`dvlb4@^Zw4@#'% H@? !*dv%    Td4@AA4LTmost % ( Rp@Ariall\ZA|H]| wssT4inpo?|sT@A|H]| xssT0 <^D`dv4@^Zw4@<0U050|ETUH@ ? !*dvlb4@^Zw4@%'% H@? !*dv%    TBAABLimportant considerations for  % ( Rp@ArialL\ZdCArialH9?|EQ @Arial 0 u4i4ChO0@<0U050|ET4in oTxDb0@0b4iL@0<^_dv%    T+sAA+Ldevelopment of wind farms are: % ( Rp@Arialz\Z4lHos0\Z_k4i@4i([Ho[4iH?0(k?8An?Tx4i<0U050|ET  { 0e @(4i@t04i(|@@<^_dv%    Td+#0AA0LTLAND % ( Rp@Arialz\ZHo[4iH?0(k?8A?|sT@A|H]| ssT  { 0e @(<0U050|ET@ <^_dv4@^Zw4@-'% H@? !*dv%    T$'+0AA'0$Lwith good to excellent wind resource % ( Rp@Arialn\ZdCArialH9?|EQ @Arial 0 u4i%4ChO0@<0U050|ET4inHoTxXb&0@0b4iL@0<^_dv%    T|9;>AA>L\CONTRACT % ( Rp@Arialn\Z@Arial 0 u?|sT@A|H]| ssT4inHoTx&0@0<0U050|ET0 <^_dvXb4@^Zw4@2'% H@? !*dv%    T>9>AA>>Lto sell electricity produced % ( Rp@ArialX\ZdCArialH9?|EQ @Arial 0 u4i4ChO0@<0U050|ET4inHoTxXb0@0b4iL@0<^_dv%    Tx&H@MAA&ML\ACCESS  % ( Rp@ArialX\Z@Arial 0 u?|sT@A|H]| ssT4inHoTx0@0<0U050|ET0 <^_dvXb4@^Zw4@7'% H@? !*dv%    TAHzMAAAMLxto transmission lines  % ( Rp@Arial\\ZdCArialH9?|EQ @Arial 0 u4i!4ChO0@<0U050|ET4in oTxDb"0@0b4iL@0<^_dv%    T#P{UAA#U!L(proximity and carrying capacity)C % (   x--$xx--'@Ariall?-. 2  The three ."System-@Ariall?-.  2 4most.-@Ariall?-. 32 Bimportant considerations for :.-@ArialL?-. 42 +development of wind farms are:.-@Arialz?-.  2 0LAND.-@Arialz?-. =2 0'$with good to excellent wind resource.-@Arialn?-. 2 >CONTRACT.-@Arialn?-. 12 >>to sell electricity produced.-@ArialX?-. 2 M&ACCESS T.-@ArialX?-. (2 MAto transmission lines .-@Arial\?-. 92 U#!(proximity and carrying capacity)r.-՜.+,0H    On-screen ShowWest Texas A&M Univ.< ' ArialDefault DesignSlide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9 Slide 10 Slide 11 Slide 12 Slide 13  Fonts UsedDesign Template Slide Titles _<dcarrdcarr  !"#$%&'()*+,-./012356789:;=>?@ABCFRoot EntrydO)Current User<SummaryInformation(8(PowerPoint Document(<DocumentSummaryInformation84