1. INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Dutch Windmills
• 1.2 Farm Windmill
• 1.3 Wind Chargers
• 1.4 Generation of Electricity for Utilities
• References

2. ENERGY

• 2.1 Philosophy
  • 2.1.1  Advantages/Disadvantages of Renewable Energy
  • 2.1.2  Economics
• 2.2 Definition of Energy and Power
• 2.3 Fundamentals Concerning Energy
• 2.4 Energy Dilemna in Light of Laws of Thermodynamics
• 2.4.1  Conservation
• 2.4.2  Efficiency
• 2.5 Exponential Growth
• 2.6 Use of Fossil Fuels
• 2.7 Nuclear
• 2.8 Mathematics of Exponential Growth
• 2.9 Lifetime of a Finite Resource
• 2.10 Summary
• References
• Problems

3. WIND CHARACTERISTICS

• 3.1 Global Circulation
• 3.2 Extractable Limits of Wind Power
• 3.3 Power in the Wind
• 3.4 Change in Windspeed with Height
• 3.5 Wind Direction
• 3.6 Wind Power Potential
• 3.7 Wind Maps
• 3.8 Variations in Power
• 3.9 Windspeed Histograms
• 3.10 Duration Curve
• 3.11 Windspeed Distributions
• 3.12 General Comments
• References
• Problems

4. INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT

• 4.1 Instrumentation
  • 4.1.1 Cup Anemometer
  • 4.1.2 Propeller Anemometers
  • 4.1.3 Wind Direction
  • 4.1.4 Recorders
• 4.2 Characteristics of Instruments
• 4.3 Measurements
• 4.4 Vegetation Indicators
• 4.5 Data Loggers
• References
• Problems

5. WIND TURBINES

• 5.1 Drag Device
• 5.2 Lift Device
• 5.3 Orientation of Rotor Axis
• 5.4 Description of System
• 5.5 Aerodynamics
• 5.6 Control
  • 5.6.1 Normal Operation
  • 5.6.2 Faults
• 5.7 Energy Production
  • 5.7.1 Generator Size
  • 5.7.2 Rotor Area and Wind Map
  • 5.7.3 Manufacturer’s Curve
• 5.8 Calculated Annual Energy
• 5.9 Innovative Wind Systems
• 5.10 Applications
  • 5.10.1 Electrical Energy
  • 5.10.2 Mechanical Energy
  • 5.10.3 Thermal Energy
  • 5.10.4 Hybrid Systems
  • 5.10.5 Summary
• 5.11 Storage
• References
• Problems

6. DESIGN OF WIND TURBINES

• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Aerodynamics
• 6.3 Mathematical Terms
• 6.4 Analysis of Extractable Power
• 6.5 Drag Device
• 6.6 Lift Device
  • 6.6.1 Maximum Theoretical Power
  • 6.6.2 Rotation
• 6.7 Aerodynamic Performance Prediction
• 6.8 Measured Power and Power Coefficient
• References
• Problems

7. ELECTRICAL ASPECTS

• 7.1 Fundamentals
  • 7.1.1 Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction
  • 7.1.2 Phase Angle and Power Factor
• 7.2 Generators
• 7.3 Induction Generators
• 7.4 Examples
• References
• Problems

8. SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

• 8.1 Performance
• 8.2 Measures of Performance
• 8.3 Performance Reports
  • 8.3.1 California
  • 8.3.2 Windstats
• 8.4 Performance of Enertech 44
• 8.5 Performance of Bergey Excel
• 8.6 Water Pumping
  • 8.6.1 Farm Windmill
  • 8.6.2 Electric to Electric System
• 8.7 Hybrid
  • 8.7.1 Village Systems
  • 8.7.2 Wind Diesel
• 8.8 Blade Roughness
• 8.9 Comments
• References
• Problems

9. SITING

• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Long Term Reference Stations
• 9.3 Site Evaluation For Wind Farms
• 9.4 Wake and Array Losses
• 9.5 Digital Maps
• 9.6 Geographic Information Systems
• 9.7 Wind Resource Screening
• 9.8 Wind Power Production
  • 9.8.1 Wind Power for Texas Panhandle
  • 9.8.2 Wind Power for Texas
  • 9.8.2 Wind Power for the United States
• 9.9 Numerical Models
• 9.10 Micrositing
• 9.11 Ocean Winds
• 9.12 Summary
• References
• Geographic Information Systems
• Problems

10. WIND INDUSTRY

• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 New Wind Industry
  • 10.2.1 Wind Industry 1970-1980
  • 10.2.2 Wind Industry 1980-1990
  • 10.2.3 Wind Industry 1990-2000
  • 10.2.4 Wind Industry 2000-2010
  • 10.2.5 Comments
• 10.3 Large Wind Turbines
• 10.4 Small Wind Turbines
• References
• Problems

11. INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Avoided Costs
• 11.3 Utility Concerns
  • 11.3.1 Safety
  • 11.3.2 Quality Of Power
  • 11.3.3 Connection To The Utility
  • 11.3.4 Ancillary Costs
• 11.4 Regulations On Installation And Operation
• 11.5 Environmental
• 11.6 Politics
• 11.7 Incentives
• 11.7.1 United States
• 11.7.2 Other Countries
• 11.8 Externalities
• 11.9 Transmission
• References
• Problems

12. ECONOMICS

• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Factors Affecting Economics
• 12.3 General Comments
• 12.4 Economic Analysis
  • 12.4.1 Simple Payback
  • 12.4.2 Cost of Energy
  • 12.4.3 Value of Energy
• 12.5 Life Cycle Costs
• 12.6 Present Worth and Levelized Costs
• 12.7 Externalities
• 12.8 Wind Project Development
• 12.8.1 Land Owner Considerations
  • 12.8.2 COE Estimation for Wind Farm
• 12.9 Summary
• 12.10 Future
• References
• Problems